What is the purpose of replication in storage?

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Replication in storage is about creating and maintaining copies of data at a separate location so services can continue if the primary site fails. By having data mirrored to a secondary site, you enable disaster recovery and high availability: you can fail over to the copy and keep operations running with minimal downtime and data loss. There are two common modes: synchronous replication, which copies data to the secondary site in real time to minimize data loss, and asynchronous replication, which transmits updates after a delay to reduce bandwidth but may allow a small window of data loss. This idea matches the concept described in the correct option, which emphasizes disaster recovery and high availability by copying data to a secondary site. Other options describe different techniques—deduplication (removing duplicate data), caching in RAM (speeding access locally rather than creating remote copies), and protocol conversion (changing file sharing protocols)—and do not reflect the purpose of replication.