What is a backup policy?

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A backup policy is a formal set of rules that guides how data is backed up. It defines which data should be backed up, how often the backups should run, and where those backups are stored. It often also covers retention periods, data versions, security controls (like encryption and access restrictions), and responsibilities for carrying out and testing backups to ensure you can recover when needed.

This makes the first option the best choice because it encapsulates the essential elements: what data to back up, the frequency of backups, and the storage location. The other options are too narrow or about different topics: a schedule for deleting backups deals only with retention, a blueprint for network topology covers infrastructure design rather than backup rules, and a policy focused solely on encryption at rest misses the broader scope of what, when, and where to back up.